[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1317},["ShallowReactive",2],{"app-init":3,"breed-\u002Fen\u002Fbreeds\u002Fsaint-bernard-golden-retriever-mix":518},[4,44,323],{"menu":5,"footer":22},{"id":6,"created_at":7,"updated_at":8,"menu_title":9,"items":10,"startpage_link":19,"logo_title":20,"logo_alt":20,"logo_display_path":21,"logo_mobile_display_path":21},1,"2020-06-20T09:44:42.000000Z","2022-01-16T10:10:51.000000Z","Default",[11,15],{"title":12,"link":13,"icon":14},"Magazine","\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine","book",{"title":16,"link":17,"icon":18},"Breeds","\u002Fen\u002Fbreeds","paw","\u002F","dogbible - a platform for people who love dogs","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fmedia\u002Fci\u002Fdogbible_mobile.svg",{"id":6,"created_at":23,"updated_at":24,"social":25,"title":9,"links":29,"logo_title":42,"footer_right":43},"2020-06-20T09:44:54.000000Z","2023-07-31T12:09:34.000000Z",[26,27,28],"facebook","instagram","pinterest",[30,33,36,39],{"title":31,"link":32},"About us","\u002Fen\u002Fabout-us",{"title":34,"link":35},"Editorial Guidelines","\u002Fen\u002Feditorial-guidelines",{"title":37,"link":38},"Imprint","\u002Fen\u002Fimprint",{"title":40,"link":41},"Privacy","\u002Fen\u002Fprivacy","",[],[45,74,100,112,139,167,194,230,264,292],{"id":46,"title":47,"slug":48,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":49,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":49,"related_breeds":50},1140,"Old Anglican Bulldog","american-pit-bull-terrier-american-staffordshire-terrier-mix",null,[51,63],{"id":52,"banner_id":53,"title":54,"slug":55,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":56,"banner":57},93,2389,"American Pit Bull Terrier","american-pit-bull-terrier",{"breed_id":46,"related_breed_id":52},{"filename":58,"alt":59,"title":60,"path":61,"origin":62},"pitbull-black","Dog,Vertebrate,Dog breed,Canidae,Mammal,Carnivore,Snout,American pit bull terrier,Sporting Group,Companion dog,","Pitbull black","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fpitbull-black.png","Shutterstock \u002F Seregraff",{"id":64,"banner_id":65,"title":66,"slug":67,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":68,"banner":69},77,2440,"American Staffordshire Terrier","american-steffordshire-terrier",{"breed_id":46,"related_breed_id":64},{"filename":70,"alt":71,"title":72,"path":73,"origin":62},"american-steffordshire-terrier-with-stiff-ears","Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Dog breed,Canidae,Carnivore,American staffordshire terrier,American pit bull terrier,Bull and terrier,Snout,","American Steffordshire Terrier with prick ears","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Famerican-steffordshire-terrier-with-stiff-ears.png",{"id":75,"title":76,"slug":77,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":49,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":49,"related_breeds":78},589,"Weshi","shih-tzu-west-highland-white-terrier-mix",[79,88],{"id":80,"banner_id":81,"title":82,"slug":83,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":84,"banner":85},40,2477,"Shih Tzu","shih-tzu",{"breed_id":75,"related_breed_id":80},{"filename":83,"alt":86,"title":82,"path":87,"origin":62},"Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Canidae,Dog breed,Shih tzu,Chinese imperial dog,Löwchen,Companion dog,Carnivore,","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fshih-tzu.png",{"id":89,"banner_id":90,"title":91,"slug":92,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":93,"banner":94},160,3425,"West Highland White Terrier","west-highland-white-terrier",{"breed_id":75,"related_breed_id":89},{"filename":95,"alt":96,"title":97,"path":98,"origin":99},"west-highland-terrier-character","West Highland White Terrier character description and more, small white dog with STehohren from Scotland","West Highland Terrier Character","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fwest-highland-terrier-character.png","Shutterstock \u002F Eric Isselee",{"id":101,"title":102,"slug":103,"hybrid":104,"banner_id":105,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":106,"related_breeds":111},87,"Corgi","corgi",0,2373,{"filename":107,"alt":108,"title":109,"path":110,"origin":62},"welsh-corgie-brown-white","Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Dog breed,Canidae,Welsh Corgi,Carnivore,Cardigan welsh corgi,Pembroke welsh corgi,Snout,","Welsh Corgie brown white","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fwelsh-corgie-brown-white.png",[],{"id":113,"title":114,"slug":115,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":49,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":49,"related_breeds":116},997,"Basset Heeler","australian-cattle-dog-basset-hound-mix",[117,129],{"id":118,"banner_id":119,"title":120,"slug":121,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":122,"banner":123},131,3144,"Australian Cattle Dog","australian-cattle-dog",{"breed_id":113,"related_breed_id":118},{"filename":124,"alt":125,"title":126,"path":127,"origin":128},"australian-cattle-dog-profile-picture","Australian Cattle Dog puppy breed description Merle","Australian Cattle Dog Profile Picture","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Faustralian-cattle-dog-profile-picture.png","Shutterstock \u002F Aneta Jungerov",{"id":130,"banner_id":131,"title":132,"slug":133,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":134,"banner":135},119,2466,"Basset Hound","basset-hound",{"breed_id":113,"related_breed_id":130},{"filename":133,"alt":136,"title":137,"path":138,"origin":62},"Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Canidae,Basset hound,Dog breed,Carnivore,Basset artésien normand,Schweizer laufhund,Snout,","basset hound","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fbasset-hound.png",{"id":140,"title":141,"slug":142,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":49,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":49,"related_breeds":143},747,"Malti pin","maltese-dwarf-pinscher-mix",[144,155],{"id":145,"banner_id":146,"title":147,"slug":148,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":149,"banner":150},38,3179,"Maltese","maltese",{"breed_id":140,"related_breed_id":145},{"filename":151,"alt":152,"title":153,"path":154,"origin":99},"maltese-breed-description","Breed description of a Maltese dog, small white dog with slightly curly coat","Maltese breed description","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fmaltese-breed-description.png",{"id":156,"banner_id":157,"title":158,"slug":159,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":160,"banner":161},78,3190,"Dwarf Pinscher","miniature-pinscher",{"breed_id":140,"related_breed_id":156},{"filename":162,"alt":163,"title":164,"path":165,"origin":166},"miniature-pinscher-breed-description","Dwarf Pinscher, Mini Pinscher, Toy Pinscher","Miniature Pinscher breed description","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fminiature-pinscher-breed-description.png","Shutterstock \u002F O.Bellini",{"id":168,"title":169,"slug":170,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":49,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":49,"related_breeds":171},1266,"Chin Ochre","cocker-spaniel-japan-chin-mix",[172,183],{"id":173,"banner_id":174,"title":175,"slug":176,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":177,"banner":178},50,2417,"Cocker Spaniel","cocker-spaniel",{"breed_id":168,"related_breed_id":173},{"filename":179,"alt":180,"title":181,"path":182,"origin":62},"english-cocker-spaniel","Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Canidae,Dog breed,English cocker spaniel,Cocker spaniel,German spaniel,Carnivore,Spaniel,","English Cocker Spaniel","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fenglish-cocker-spaniel.png",{"id":184,"banner_id":185,"title":186,"slug":187,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":188,"banner":189},177,3533,"Japanese Chin","japanese-chin",{"breed_id":168,"related_breed_id":184},{"filename":190,"alt":191,"title":192,"path":193,"origin":99},"japan-chin-temperament","Japan Chin breed description, temperament, calm dog breed for seniors, dog for children, dog fond of children, well-behaved calm dog for beginners","Japan Chin temperament","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fjapan-chin-temperament.png",{"id":195,"title":196,"slug":197,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":198,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":199,"related_breeds":205},621,"Golden Border Retriever","border-collie-golden-retriever-mix",5510,{"filename":200,"alt":201,"title":202,"path":203,"origin":204},"golden-border-retriever-c-kathrin-zyngier-5","Hund,Fleischfresser,Hunderasse,Halsband,Begleithund,Hundehalsband,Schnauze,Sportliche Gruppe,Fell,Tierbedarf,","Golden Border Retriever © Kathrin Zyngier","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fgolden-border-retriever-c-kathrin-zyngier-5.png","Kathrin Zyngier",[206,218],{"id":207,"banner_id":208,"title":209,"slug":210,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":211,"banner":212},34,3072,"Border collie","border-collie",{"breed_id":195,"related_breed_id":207},{"filename":213,"alt":214,"title":215,"path":216,"origin":217},"border-collie-profile-picture","Border Collie breed description","Border Collie Profile Picture","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fborder-collie-profile-picture.png","Shutterstock \u002F Xkunclova",{"id":219,"banner_id":220,"title":221,"slug":222,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":223,"banner":224},28,3199,"Golden Retriever","golden-retriever",{"breed_id":195,"related_breed_id":219},{"filename":225,"alt":226,"title":227,"path":228,"origin":229},"golden-retriever-breed-description","Breed description Golden Retriever","Golden Retriever breed description","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fgolden-retriever-breed-description.png","Shutterstock \u002F Lopolo",{"id":231,"title":232,"slug":233,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":234,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":235,"related_breeds":241},21,"Aussiedor","aussiedor",3138,{"filename":236,"alt":237,"title":238,"path":239,"origin":240},"aussiedor-profile-picture","Aussiedor dog","Aussiedor profile picture","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Faussiedor-profile-picture.png","Shutterstock \u002F SusanSchmitz",[242,253],{"id":243,"banner_id":244,"title":245,"slug":246,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":247,"banner":248},3,2438,"Australian Shepherd","australian-shepherd",{"breed_id":231,"related_breed_id":243},{"filename":249,"alt":250,"title":251,"path":252,"origin":62},"australia-shepherd-merle","Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Australian collie,Dog breed,Canidae,Australian shepherd,Carnivore,Companion dog,Miniature australian shepherd,","Australia Shepherd Merle","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Faustralia-shepherd-merle.png",{"id":254,"banner_id":255,"title":256,"slug":257,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":258,"banner":259},29,2397,"Labrador Retriever","labrador-retriever",{"breed_id":231,"related_breed_id":254},{"filename":260,"alt":261,"title":262,"path":263,"origin":62},"brown-labrador","Dog,Vertebrate,Dog breed,Canidae,Labrador retriever,Mammal,Retriever,Sporting Group,Carnivore,Snout,","brown Labrador","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fbrown-labrador.png",{"id":265,"title":266,"slug":267,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":49,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":49,"related_breeds":268},1296,"Alaskan Weimsky","alaskan-husky-weimaraner-mix",[269,281],{"id":270,"banner_id":271,"title":272,"slug":273,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":274,"banner":275},296,4002,"Alaskan husky","alaskan-husky",{"breed_id":265,"related_breed_id":270},{"filename":276,"alt":277,"title":278,"path":279,"origin":280},"husky-alaskan-breed-description","Alaskan Husky lying, black and white running dog, American dog breed for sledding, sled dog, working dog, dog with standing ears, dog showing tongue, large dog breed from Alaska","Husky Alaskan breed description","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fhusky-alaskan-breed-description.png","Shutterstock \u002F Valmedia",{"id":282,"banner_id":283,"title":284,"slug":285,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":286,"banner":287},47,2374,"Weimaraner","weimaraner",{"breed_id":265,"related_breed_id":282},{"filename":288,"alt":289,"title":290,"path":291,"origin":62},"weimaranerprofile","Dog,Vertebrate,Canidae,Dog breed,Mammal,Carnivore,Weimaraner,Sporting Group,Snout,Pointing breed,","WeimaranerProfile","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fweimaranerprofile.png",{"id":293,"title":294,"slug":295,"hybrid":6,"banner_id":296,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"banner":297,"related_breeds":303},1710,"Vizslamann","doberman-shorthair-magyar-vizsla-mix",6327,{"filename":298,"alt":299,"title":300,"path":301,"origin":302},"vizslamann-c-stephanie-schatz-2","Hund,Leber,Fleischfresser,Ärmel,Halsband,Arbeitstier,Kitz,Hunderasse,Haustierbedarf,Hundebedarf,","Vizslamann © Stephanie Schatz","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fvizslamann-c-stephanie-schatz-2.png","Stephanie Schatz",[304,314],{"id":305,"banner_id":306,"title":307,"slug":308,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":309,"banner":310},32,2472,"Doberman","dobermann",{"breed_id":293,"related_breed_id":305},{"filename":311,"alt":312,"title":307,"path":313,"origin":62},"doberman","Dobermann,Vertebrate,Mammal,Dog breed,Canidae,Pinscher,Dog,Manchester terrier,Guard dog,Snout,","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fdoberman.png",{"id":315,"banner_id":316,"title":317,"slug":318,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":319,"banner":320},54,2395,"Magyar Vizsla","magyar-vizsla",{"breed_id":293,"related_breed_id":315},{"filename":318,"alt":321,"title":317,"path":322,"origin":62},"Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Vizsla,Canidae,Dog breed,Carnivore,Pointing breed,Sporting Group,Liver,","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fmagyar-vizsla.png",[324,347,371,395,411,428,449,466,482,502],{"id":325,"title":326,"slug":327,"created_at":328,"published_at":329,"updated_at":330,"banner_id":331,"category_id":332,"reading_time":49,"short_description":333,"is_review":104,"created":334,"schema_published":335,"schema_updated":336,"url":337,"category":338,"banner":342},719,"DIY dog toys: creative craft ideas for indoors and outdoors","diy-dog-toys-creative-craft-ideas-for-indoors-and-outdoors","2025-03-13T07:35:11.000000Z","2025-06-03 12:41:32","2025-06-03T12:41:32.000000Z",8758,12,"Whether indoors or outdoors - with DIY dog toys you can easily give your four-legged friend a treat!","03.06.2025","2025-03-13T07:35:11+00:00","2025-06-03T12:41:32+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fdiy-dog-toys-creative-craft-ideas-for-indoors-and-outdoors",{"id":332,"title":339,"short_description":340,"slug":341,"heading":42,"hide_category":104},"Dog toys","Dog toys are not only special for puppies, but also for adult dogs. The best dog toys are, of course, those that last a few years and are virtually indestructible. Indestructible dog toys, toys for water or just throw bags for retrieving. Here you will find in dogbible dog magazine only recommendations that perfectly fit your dog - whether large or small, it does not matter. Play fun, education and mental work: With electric and high-quality toys you can spend time with your dog and strengthen the bond, as well as promote his intelligence and keep him mentally busy.","dog-toys",{"filename":343,"alt":344,"title":344,"path":345,"origin":346},"620469186","Playing with a Malinois dog","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002F620469186.jpg","Depositphotos \u002F Gera8th",{"id":89,"title":348,"slug":349,"created_at":350,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":353,"category_id":354,"reading_time":243,"short_description":355,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":357,"schema_updated":358,"url":359,"category":360,"banner":365},"Winter hiking with your dog - these 5 tips will help you work as a team","winter-hiking-with-dog","2021-02-14T17:21:57.000000Z","2024-06-12 16:20:51","2024-06-12T16:20:51.000000Z",1856,2,"This is how winter hiking works, even with a dog - easy.","12.06.2024","2021-02-14T17:21:57+00:00","2024-06-12T16:20:51+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fwinter-hiking-with-dog",{"id":354,"title":361,"short_description":362,"slug":363,"heading":364,"hide_category":104},"Dog Husbandry Tips","In this category you will get exclusively dog keeping tips. The dog blog of dogbible.com is full of information and tips about dogs, but in this special section of the blog you will find dog keeping tips and ideas how to make the keeping comfortable and easy for you and your dog.","dog-keeping","Dog ownership information and tips",{"filename":366,"alt":367,"title":368,"path":369,"origin":370},"red-island-dog-in-the-snow","Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Canidae,Dog breed,Carnivore,Icelandic sheepdog,Winter,Snout,Greenland dog,","red Icelandic dog in the snow","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fred-island-dog-in-the-snow.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F fizzone",{"id":372,"title":373,"slug":374,"created_at":375,"published_at":376,"updated_at":377,"banner_id":378,"category_id":6,"reading_time":49,"short_description":379,"is_review":104,"created":380,"schema_published":381,"schema_updated":382,"url":383,"category":384,"banner":389},640,"Can dogs eat cheese? A detailed guide","can-dogs-eat-cheese-a-detailed-guide","2024-01-17T16:25:35.000000Z","2024-01-17 16:46:59","2024-01-17T16:46:59.000000Z",8407,"These cheeses are fine and can be eaten by your dog.","17.01.2024","2024-01-17T16:25:35+00:00","2024-01-17T16:46:59+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fcan-dogs-eat-cheese-a-detailed-guide",{"id":6,"title":385,"short_description":386,"slug":387,"heading":388,"hide_category":104},"Dog food","In this category of the dog blog of dogbible.com you will find everything that has to do with food for dogs. You can inform yourself about different types of dog food, about BARF and other food options, there are reports about good and bad nutrition. You can calculate how much food your dog needs per day and when is the best time to feed him and you will find comparisons and testimonials of dog food. Overweight is also a big issue in dog nutrition and here you can learn how to avoid it.","dog-food","Find ideal dog food and recognize advantages and disadvantages",{"filename":390,"alt":391,"title":392,"path":393,"origin":394},"188050836","Pug dog waiting for permission to eat cheese in the kitchen. Patience training.","Pug dog waiting for permission to eat cheese in the kitchen.","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002F188050836.jpg","Depositphotos \u002F maryviolet",{"id":396,"title":397,"slug":398,"created_at":399,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":400,"category_id":354,"reading_time":49,"short_description":401,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":402,"schema_updated":358,"url":403,"category":404,"banner":405},575,"18 Dangerous dogs - Which ones count as dangerous and why!","dangerous-dogs","2023-08-14T08:48:16.000000Z",7530,"Which dog breeds are considered particularly dangerous. Here is all the info and pictures.","2023-08-14T08:48:16+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fdangerous-dogs",{"id":354,"title":361,"short_description":362,"slug":363,"heading":364,"hide_category":104},{"filename":406,"alt":407,"title":408,"path":409,"origin":410},"156267044","Japanese fighting dog Tosa Inu in greenery","Samurai shepherd dog playing in the pasture","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002F156267044.jpg","Depositphotos \u002F accept001",{"id":412,"title":413,"slug":414,"created_at":415,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":416,"category_id":354,"reading_time":417,"short_description":418,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":419,"schema_updated":358,"url":420,"category":421,"banner":422},194,"Capturing special moments with your four-legged friend - ideas and implementation","capturing-moments-four-legged-friend","2021-05-17T15:57:32.000000Z",2603,10,"Learn how to capture special moments for a lifetime in this blog post.","2021-05-17T15:57:32+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fcapturing-moments-four-legged-friend",{"id":354,"title":361,"short_description":362,"slug":363,"heading":364,"hide_category":104},{"filename":423,"alt":424,"title":425,"path":426,"origin":427},"three-snouts-come-from-under-the-covers","Dog,Canidae,Snout,Carnivore,Textile,Fur,Puppy,Linens,Fawn,Dog breed,","three muzzles come out of the ceiling","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fthree-snouts-come-from-under-the-covers.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F Javier Brosch",{"id":429,"title":430,"slug":431,"created_at":432,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":433,"category_id":434,"reading_time":49,"short_description":435,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":436,"schema_updated":358,"url":437,"category":438,"banner":443},571,"Explanation: Dog chokes but does not vomit","explanation-dog-chokes-but-does-not-vomit","2023-08-08T07:28:22.000000Z",7462,5,"Dog chokes without vomiting. We clarify.","2023-08-08T07:28:22+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fexplanation-dog-chokes-but-does-not-vomit",{"id":434,"title":439,"short_description":440,"slug":441,"heading":442,"hide_category":104},"Dog Health","Health also plays a major role in the dog sector. Thus, in addition to the diet and exercise, there are also many diseases that must be considered in advance and what you should pay attention to. Allergies, hereditary diseases or problems with the musculoskeletal system are just a few of many possible things that can concern you in the dog health of your four-legged friend. Of course, in this category of the dog blog of dog-bible.com we also deal with positive aspects of health such as dental hygiene, coat care, healthy treats and the mental health and exercise of your dogs.","dog-health","Dog health and diseases at a glance",{"filename":444,"alt":445,"title":446,"path":447,"origin":448},"302146922","Chongqing dog, Chinese dog breed at dog show, photo of two red dogs.","Chongqing dog, Chinese dog breed at dog show, photo of two red dogs","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002F302146922.jpg","Depositphotos \u002F Wildstrawberry",{"id":450,"title":451,"slug":452,"created_at":453,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":454,"category_id":354,"reading_time":455,"short_description":456,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":457,"schema_updated":358,"url":458,"category":459,"banner":460},228,"Going to the lake with your dog: Austrian dog beaches at the lake","austrian-dog-beaches-at-the-lake","2021-09-21T12:31:36.000000Z",2007,6,"These are the most beautiful places in Austria, for bathing with dog.","2021-09-21T12:31:36+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Faustrian-dog-beaches-at-the-lake",{"id":354,"title":361,"short_description":362,"slug":363,"heading":364,"hide_category":104},{"filename":461,"alt":462,"title":463,"path":464,"origin":465},"malinois-jumps-in-water","Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Canidae,Dog breed,Carnivore,Belgian shepherd malinois,Belgian shepherd,Working dog,Wildlife,","Malinois jumps into the water","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fmalinois-jumps-in-water.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F Eudyptula",{"id":467,"title":468,"slug":469,"created_at":470,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":471,"category_id":354,"reading_time":434,"short_description":472,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":473,"schema_updated":358,"url":474,"category":475,"banner":476},192,"5 tips for holidays with dog in Austria","holidays-dog-austria","2021-05-10T15:10:11.000000Z",3572,"5 tips for a great holiday with dog in Austria.","2021-05-10T15:10:11+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fholidays-dog-austria",{"id":354,"title":361,"short_description":362,"slug":363,"heading":364,"hide_category":104},{"filename":477,"alt":478,"title":479,"path":480,"origin":481},"white-lhasa-apso-jumps","small white dog for beginners similar to Maltese, Lhasa Apso dog shorn, dogbible shows dog breeds from Asia","white Lhasa Apso jumps","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fwhite-lhasa-apso-jumps.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F Bianca Grueneberg",{"id":483,"title":484,"slug":485,"created_at":486,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":487,"category_id":455,"reading_time":49,"short_description":488,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":489,"schema_updated":358,"url":490,"category":491,"banner":496},534,"9 Water dogs: origin, character and care","water-dogs-breeds-character-amp-care-incl-pictures","2023-05-08T16:20:06.000000Z",2211,"Discover water dogs: fascinating breeds, character traits, care tips and great pictures that capture the charm of these dogs.","2023-05-08T16:20:06+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fwater-dogs-breeds-character-amp-care-incl-pictures",{"id":455,"title":492,"short_description":493,"slug":494,"heading":495,"hide_category":104},"Dog guide","This category in the dogbible.com dog blog is clearly the all-rounder of the blog. In this category you will find current topics about dogs, new regulations and laws, you will learn backgrounds about certain new breeds or primal breeds, funny funfacts or even funny dog videos from the internet that are going viral right now. We recommend new dog toys or other gadgets and are available for your daily questions and process them as blog articles in the dog blog.","dog-guide","Dog guide for new parents: everything you need to know",{"filename":497,"alt":498,"title":499,"path":500,"origin":501},"spanish-waterdog-hell","Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Canidae,Dog breed,Carnivore,Poodle crossbreed,Goldendoodle,Spanish water dog,Sporting Group,","Spanish water dog light","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fspanish-waterdog-hell.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F Daz Stock",{"id":503,"title":504,"slug":505,"created_at":506,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":507,"category_id":455,"reading_time":434,"short_description":508,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":509,"schema_updated":358,"url":510,"category":511,"banner":512},153,"Dog and zodiac sign - which breed suits your zodiac sign?","dog-sign-of-the-zodiac","2021-02-08T12:43:55.000000Z",1827,"Which dog breed suits your zodiac sign is revealed in this blog post.","2021-02-08T12:43:55+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fdog-sign-of-the-zodiac",{"id":455,"title":492,"short_description":493,"slug":494,"heading":495,"hide_category":104},{"filename":513,"alt":514,"title":515,"path":516,"origin":517},"husky-makes-high-five","Siberian husky,Mammal,Dog,Vertebrate,Canidae,Alaskan malamute,Facial expression,Sakhalin husky,Miniature siberian husky,Carnivore,","Husky Makes High Five","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fhusky-makes-high-five.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F ANURAK PONGPATIMET",{"breed":519,"latestPosts":1203,"similarBreeds":1316},{"id":520,"description":521,"slug":522,"alternate_names":42,"m_weight_from":49,"m_weight_to":49,"w_weight_from":49,"w_weight_to":49,"title":523,"life_expectancy_from":49,"life_expectancy_to":49,"size_id":49,"activity_level_id":49,"care_requirement_id":49,"ear_shape_id":49,"fur_length_id":49,"origin_id":49,"fci_section_id":49,"banner_id":49,"hybrid":6,"popular":104,"m_size_from":49,"m_size_to":49,"w_size_from":49,"w_size_to":49,"banner_title":42,"banner_alt":42,"akc_id":49,"kc_id":49,"modules":49,"fur_property_id":49,"tail_id":49,"character_text":524,"look_text":525,"origin_text":526,"heading":42,"likes":527,"faqs":528,"video":42,"relevance":544,"hybrid_title":523,"published_at":545,"translator_ready":546,"sources":49,"is_edited":104,"edited_user":49,"page_id":49,"hreflang_tags":547,"schema_published":565,"schema_updated":566,"origin":49,"banner":49,"list_states":567,"colors":568,"gallery":569,"seo_tag":49,"related_breeds":570,"authors":1164,"page":49,"size":49,"activity_level":49,"care_requirement":49,"ear_shape":49,"fur_length":49,"fur_property":49,"tail":49,"anatomies":1196,"characters":1197,"people":1198,"usages":1199,"fci_section":49,"kc":49,"akc":49,"diseases":1200,"kennels":1201,"child_breeds":1202},662,"\u003Ch3>Golden Retriever and St. Bernard mix - a hybrid breed.\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The Golden Retriever and St. Bernard represent an interesting and popular mixed breed. Both breeds are known for their kindness, intelligence and ability to be loyal companions. The Golden Retriever and St. Bernard also share similar characteristics. Both breeds have soft and durable coats, strong muscle structure, and a calm disposition. The Golden Retriever and St. Bernard are also friendly and gentle when interacting with other dogs. This mixed breed is a wonderful companion for everyone, especially families with children.\u003C\u002Fp>","saint-bernard-golden-retriever-mix","Golden Saint","\u003Ch3>Possible character traits of Golden Saint - Such is probably his nature.\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The Golden Retriever and Saint Bernard mix is a strong and lovable dog breed, which is popular among many people thanks to its calm and trusting character. These dogs are very adaptable and are considered to be quite social and easy to care for. They love to be cared for by their humans and need a lot of attention and love accordingly.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The breed's talisman is their calm and level-headed nature. This makes them ideal companions for families with children and elderly people. With this quality, they make every day a beautiful experience. They are intelligent and attentive and even as puppies they are quick to learn new things.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Even though they tend to be quiet and patient, they need daily exercise to keep fit. These dogs need to be walked extensively and need employment that challenges their physical and mental abilities. With proper care and love, they can be especially long-lived and healthy.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The Golden Retriever and St. Bernard mix has a very friendly nature and is a devoted, playful and very loyal friend. They are popular not only as a companion dog, but also as a therapy dog and a friend for seniors. With proper training and guidance, your dog will be a loyal companion for many years to come.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ch3>What does this mixed breed look like?\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The coat of a Golden Retriever and Saint Bernard mixed breed is usually long and soft. It usually has a golden tone, with white or cream markings. The color can vary depending on the ancestors, but most often it is a very light yellow-gold. Sometimes you can see black markings, but most of the time the coat is more golden in color. It should be brushed regularly, because otherwise it can get clogged.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>What are breed characteristics of this mix dog?\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>A Golden Saint is usually a large dog with an average height of 60-75 cm and a weight of 20-35 kg. The breed has a compact build and a soft, heavy coat that can vary in different shades from blonde to dark brown as well as black. The eyes are usually dark brown, the nose is black and the ears hang down on the sides of the head.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ch3>What diseases can occur in Golden Retriever and St. Bernard mix.\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Golden Retriever St. Bernard mixes are small, lovable dogs that are blessed with unique characteristics. They are very intelligent, people-friendly, and make a lively addition to families and singles. Unfortunately, however, there are some diseases that are common in Golden Retriever St. Bernard mixes that owners should know about.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Elbow disease and hip dysplasia are the two most common inherited diseases in Golden Retriever Saint Bernard mixes. Elbow dysplasia is a genetic abnormality that can lead to degenerative joint disease. This can lead to pain, lameness and swelling. Hip dysplasia occurs in varying degrees of severity and is an abnormality of the hip joints that can affect the animal throughout its life.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Other health problems commonly faced by Golden Retriever St. Bernard mixes include allergic reactions, heart disease, eye problems, and digestive disorders. Allergic reactions can be triggered by certain foods or environmental factors and can have serious consequences. Heart disease can occur as a congenital abnormality or develop as a result of another underlying condition. Eye diseases that may occur in these dogs include cataracts, entropy, and progressive retinal atrophy. Digestive disorders include gastroenteritis and gastrointestinal problems.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>It is important that all dogs receive regular veterinary examinations to monitor their health. This allows for early detection and treatment of potential problems. Owners should also make sure their animals receive their vaccinations and deworming treatments. This not only helps prevent infectious diseases, but also supports the animal's overall health. If you have any questions or concerns, you should consult your veterinarian.\u003C\u002Fp>",30,[529,532,535,538,541],{"q":530,"a":531},"How big does the Golden Retriever Saint Bernard mix grow? ","\u003Cp>This breed can reach a shoulder height of 51 to 67 cm.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":533,"a":534},"How much does the Golden Retriever Saint Bernard mix weigh?","\u003Cp>This breed can have a weight from 18 to 63 kg.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":536,"a":537},"What is the coat color of the Golden Retriever Saint Bernard mix?","\u003Cp>The coat color of this breed ranges from light golden brown to dark brown.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":539,"a":540},"How long does the Golden Retriever Saint Bernard mix live?","\u003Cp>In general, this breed can live from 10 to 12 years.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":542,"a":543},"What are the most striking features of the Golden Retriever Saint Bernard mix?","\u003Cp>The most striking features of this breed are its affectionate and loving nature, gentle temperament and intelligence.\u003C\u002Fp>",5048,"2023-03-06 15:44:51",[],[548,551,554,556,559,562],{"locale":549,"path":550},"de","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fde\u002Fhunderassen\u002Fgolden-retriever-bernhardiner-mix",{"locale":552,"path":553},"x-default","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fbreeds\u002Fsaint-bernard-golden-retriever-mix",{"locale":555,"path":553},"en",{"locale":557,"path":558},"es","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fes\u002Frazas-perros\u002Fmezcla-de-san-bernardo-y-golden-retriever",{"locale":560,"path":561},"hu","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fhu\u002Fkutyafajtak\u002Fsaint-bernard-golden-retriever-keverek",{"locale":563,"path":564},"fr","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Ffr\u002Fraces-chiens\u002Fsaint-bernard-golden-retriever-mix","2022-10-04T21:37:24+00:00","2023-03-06T15:44:51+00:00",[],[],[],[571,875],{"id":572,"description":573,"slug":574,"alternate_names":575,"m_weight_from":576,"m_weight_to":577,"w_weight_from":576,"w_weight_to":577,"title":578,"life_expectancy_from":579,"life_expectancy_to":417,"size_id":434,"activity_level_id":354,"care_requirement_id":354,"ear_shape_id":49,"fur_length_id":354,"origin_id":580,"fci_section_id":581,"banner_id":582,"hybrid":104,"popular":6,"m_size_from":583,"m_size_to":584,"w_size_from":585,"w_size_to":586,"banner_title":578,"banner_alt":587,"akc_id":588,"kc_id":243,"modules":49,"fur_property_id":455,"tail_id":588,"character_text":589,"look_text":590,"origin_text":591,"heading":592,"likes":593,"faqs":594,"video":42,"relevance":49,"hybrid_title":49,"published_at":622,"translator_ready":623,"sources":624,"is_edited":6,"edited_user":645,"page_id":173,"schema_published":646,"schema_updated":647,"pivot":648,"origin":649,"banner":667,"page":670,"size":678,"activity_level":687,"care_requirement":695,"ear_shape":49,"fur_length":704,"fur_property":711,"tail":719,"anatomies":727,"characters":735,"diseases":776,"people":789,"usages":790,"child_breeds":799},67,"\u003Ch3>Origin and history of the St. Bernard\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The St. Bernard dog is also known as the St. Bernard. Its origin is in the Swiss Alps. He is the national dog of Switzerland.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>On the \"Great St. Bernard\", a mountain pass in the Valais Alps, Augustinian monks founded a hospice for travelers called St. Bernard, which provided safe overnight accommodation and food. From about the 17th century, they used ancestors of today's mountain dogs (large farm dogs of the area) as transport, rescue and guard dogs. In the monastery's own breeding, the former farm dogs developed into the St. Bernards as we know them today.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">existence of\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">such dogs is\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">documented\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">pictorially since 1695 and in writing\u003C\u002Fspan> in \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">a note of the hospice in 1707\u003C\u002Fspan>. They were called \"Barryhüng\", bear dogs, and weighed a maximum of 50 kg. Because of their agility, endurance and excellent tracking ability they became famous avalanche dogs. The most famous representative of this breed in this area is \"Barry I\". However, it is unclear whether he actually existed. This Saint Bernard is said to have saved the lives of 40 people who were buried or buried by avalanches.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Starting in the 20th century, they became popular family dogs. They were bred for size and lost their agility, replacing their role as rescue dogs with other dog breeds. Because of their build and wariness of strangers, St. Bernards are occasionally kept as guard dogs.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>Suitability and attitude\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Nowadays, the St. Bernard is mostly kept as a yard dog, guard dog, and companion dog. Despite its appearance, it is a gentle and calm family dog that gets along well with children. They are not suitable as apartment or city dogs, but need consistent training and a high level of loving care.\u003C\u002Fp>","saint-bernard","St. Bernard dog",64,120,"Saint Bernard",8,17,4,2489,70,90,65,80,"Dog,Mammal,Vertebrate,Dog breed,Canidae,St. bernard,Moscow watchdog,Carnivore,Giant dog breed,Companion dog,",7,"\u003Ch3>Typical character traits of the St. Bernard\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The positive characteristics of the St. Bernard include\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Gentleness\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Attachment to its owners\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Intelligence\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Need for balance\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Loyalty\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cp>Only in exceptional cases St. Bernard reacts with aggressiveness. Together with their good-natured character they are suitable as playmates for children. Ball games are one of their favorite activities. However, care should be taken that small children do not accidentally end up under the dog's massive body when playing together.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>St. Bernards need a lot of exercise because of their size, but they love long, leisurely walks. In winter, they love to play in the snow, well protected by their thick coats. However, these sensitive giants are occasionally prone to stubbornness and therefore need loving and consistent training.\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ch3>Breed characteristics of the St. Bernard\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The St. Bernard is\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">classified \u003C\u002Fspan> by the FCI as \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Group 2\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">(Pinscher and Schnauzer,\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Molossoid, Swiss\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Mountain \u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Dogs), \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Section 2.2 (Molossian, Mountain Dog type). No \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">working test is required\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>Size and weight\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>This dog breed\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">prescribes\u003C\u002Fspan> a \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">minimum\u003C\u002Fspan>height for \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">males of \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">70cm, for females of 65cm. At the same time, males should not exceed 90cm, bitches 80cm. However, the latter regulation is not too strict. Due to their size, they easily reach a weight of about 55-90kg; in some cases there are even numbers in the triple digits.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A specimen of this breed has a\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">harmonious, reaching\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">movement with good\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">good thrust from the hindquarters,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">while the back remains stable and\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">remains stable and calm\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">. The front\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">-\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and hind feet are set straight forward.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The head\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The head of the St. Bernard is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">massive, imposing and expressive\u003C\u002Fspan>. The strong, broad skull appears\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">slightly\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">domed in\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">profile\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and\u003C\u002Fspan> when\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">viewed\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">from the\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">front\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">; in affect (when excited), the base of the ears forms a\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">straight\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">line\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">with\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">the top of the head\u003C\u002Fspan>,\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">which\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">gently\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">curves\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">laterally\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">into\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">the\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">strongly\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">developed high cheek parts\u003C\u002Fspan>. The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">forehead, which has a distinctly developed furrow beginning at the base and running down the middle of the top of the head, seems to\u003C\u002Fspan> slope\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">too\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">steeply\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">toward\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">the muzzle\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> and is covered by skin that covers slight wrinkles converging toward the furrow above the eyes\u003C\u002Fspan>.The\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">occipital\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> protuberance \u003C\u002Fspan> is\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">only\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">moderately\u003C\u002Fspan> pronounced, but the\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">upper\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">ocular\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">arch\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">should be\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">strongly\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">developed and the stop distinct\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">. \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>The muzzle\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>St. Bernards have a \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">black,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">broad \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">angular nose with well opened \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">nostrils\u003C\u002Fspan>. The muzzle itself is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">evenly\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">broad and has a straight nasal bridge with a slight groove\u003C\u002Fspan>. The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">edges of the lips are black\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">pigmented in \u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">a breed specimen\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">, \u003C\u002Fspan> and the\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">lips of the upper jaw\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">should be\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">strongly developed,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tight and not too\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">overhanging\u003C\u002Fspan>,\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">forming\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">a \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">wide curve\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">towards the\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">nose \u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The corner of the mouth remains visible.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>A \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">complete\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> scissor\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">or\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">pincer bite\u003C\u002Fspan> is typical of this breed \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">,\u003C\u002Fspan> but\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> a \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">close fitting\u003C\u002Fspan> fore bite \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">without\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">loss of contact of\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">the\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">incisors is tolerated in breeding, as is the absence of PM1 (premolar 1) and M3\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The eyes & ears\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The eyes of this breed are \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">dark brown to hazel, moderately\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">deep-set and \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">with a\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">friendly\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">expression.\u003C\u002Fspan> In\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">breeding, a natural,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">firm\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">closure of the eyelids\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">is\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">desired\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">.\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Nevertheless,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">a\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">very\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">small\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">kink\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">on the lower eyelid (\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">with\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">little\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">visible conjunctiva) \u003C\u002Fspan>as well as on the upper ey\u003C\u002Fspan> elid is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">permissible.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> The \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">eyelid margins should be completely pigmented\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cbr>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Likewise medium sized ears are\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">set\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> high and wide\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The auricles are strongly\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">developed, the ear lobes supple, triangular with rounded\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tip. The posterior rim is slightly protruding, the anterior rim\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">rests\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">against the cheeks\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>The rump\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">strong neck of\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">sufficient length\u003C\u002Fspan> has\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> a moderately developed\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> throatlatch\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and dewlap. \u003C\u002Fspan>The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">upper\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">profile line\u003C\u002Fspan> gives an\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">imposing,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">harmonious,\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">stately and well muscled \u003C\u002Fspan> overall\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">appearance\u003C\u002Fspan>, \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">leading over well defined withers into a broad, strong and firm back \u003C\u002Fspan>, the topline of which is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">straight\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and horizontal\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">to \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">the loin\u003C\u002Fspan>. The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">long croup is also only \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">slightly sloping, but\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">merges\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">harmoniously\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">into the tail set on\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">rib cage is\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">moderately\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">deep with well sprung ribs, but not\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">barrel shaped. Moreover, it does not reach lower than the elbows.\u003C\u002Fspan> The lower profile line is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">slightly tucked up towards the rear\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>The tail\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The tail of the Bernahrdinger is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">broad and strong at the base. It is long and heavy, the last\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tail vertebra\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">should\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">reach at least to the hock joint. At\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">rest it\u003C\u002Fspan> is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">carried\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">hanging straight down or slightly\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">curved\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">upward in the lower third\u003C\u002Fspan>, \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and higher when excited\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>The limbs\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The forelegs of this breed, seen from the front\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">are straight and parallel,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> but\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">moderately\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">broad\u003C\u002Fspan>. The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">shoulder blades oblique, muscular and well fitting, are shorter than the upper arms and form to them a not too obtuse angle\u003C\u002Fspan>. The elbow is close-fitting and continues into a straight, strong-boned and dry-muscled forearm, the extension of which is the metacarpus. This is\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> slightly angulated when viewed from the side\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The hindquarters should be \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">moderately\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">angulated and muscular \u003C\u002Fspan> in general\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and \u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">parallel, but not tight,\u003C\u002Fspan> when viewed\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">from behind\u003C\u002Fspan>. The strong thigh has a broad club, the stifle joint is well angulated and neither \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">turned out nor in\u003C\u002Fspan>. The following \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">lower leg\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> is oblique and fairly long\u003C\u002Fspan>. The hock should be \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">slightly angulated but firm and the hind pastern\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">straight and parallel when viewed from behind\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The paws are generally b\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">reite, with strong,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">close\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">each other\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">lying\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">strongly\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">arched toes.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Dewclaws\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">on the hind feet are\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tole\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">rated,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">if\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">they\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">the\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">movement\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">do not hinder the course of movement.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">The coat\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>The St. Bernard comes in two varieties:\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Shorthaired (stockhaired)\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">: \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">in which the outer coat is dense, smooth, close-lying as well as coarse, and the \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">undercoat\u003C\u002Fspan> is\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">abundant\u003C\u002Fspan>. The\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">haunches are lightly fringed,\u003C\u002Fspan> and the \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tail is densely furnished with hair\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Longhair\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">: \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Longhair Bernhardines have medium length, straight topcoat with abundant undercoat\u003C\u002Fspan>. \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">However, the face and ears are short haired and over the hips and croup\u003C\u002Fspan> the coat is \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">usually somewhat wavy\u003C\u002Fspan>. The \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">forelegs are feathered and typical are strongly hoofed haunches\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and a bushy \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tail\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Basic color of this breed is always\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">white\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">with smaller or\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">larger\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">clear red\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">plates (plate dogs) to continuous\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">clear to dark red\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">blankets\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">over\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">back\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">flanks\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">(coat dogs).\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\"> A \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">torn\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">coat (\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">blanket interspersed\u003C\u002Fspan> with \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">white\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">) is considered equivalent\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Thereby brindle is\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Reddish brown\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">is permissible,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">brown-yellow\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">but only\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tolerated.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">A dark\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">dressing\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">at\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">head\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">is\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">desired, as well as\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Approach\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">of\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">s\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">black\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">shades\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">There are \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">predefined\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">white\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">markings\u003C\u002Fspan> on \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">chest,\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">paws\u003C\u002Fspan>,\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">tip of tail\u003C\u002Fspan>, \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">noseband, blaze and neck patch\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">Furthermore, the following markings are \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">not mandatory but desirable: \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">a\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">white\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">collar\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">and a \u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">symmetrical\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">dark\u003C\u002Fspan> \u003Cspan dir=\"ltr\">mask\u003C\u002Fspan>.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>","\u003Ch3>St. Bernard health\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>As a very large breed, the St. Bernard is at risk from a wide range of possible diseases. As a result, St. Bernards have a low life expectancy of about 9 years. Only one in five St. Bernards reach an age of over 10 years. Among these diseases are:\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Hip dysplasia\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Bone cancer\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Gastric torsion\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Hanging limbs\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch3>Care and health maintenance\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; font-weight: var(--bs-body-font-weight); text-align: var(--bs-body-text-align);\">The St. Bernard's eyes, ears and claws should be checked and cared for regularly. Diseases of the eyes and skin as well as tartar are typical, but these can be well controlled with timely intervention. When feeding, attention should be paid to a balanced diet. Optimal is a combination of meat and vegetables with many vitamins and minerals.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: transparent; font-weight: var(--bs-body-font-weight); text-align: var(--bs-body-text-align);\">St. Bernards also tend to overeat and therefore put on weight easily. In addition, feeding pure dry food in combination with the extra water needed can increase the risk of gastric distention. A regular rest period after eating should definitely be scheduled.\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3>St. Bernard breeding and purchase\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>When breeding, care should be taken to breed only with parents whose pedigree is known in order to have healthy puppies. Both parents must be tested for hip dysplasia to rule out disease in the offspring.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>If you want to buy a Saint Bernard puppy from a good breeder, you have to calculate with costs between 950 and 1300 Euro. With the follow-up costs it is to be considered in addition that with large dog breeds everything is a little larger and more: The collar, the dog house and the food quantity.\u003C\u002Fp>","Saint Bernard - Breed description: Character & Co",33,[595,598,601,604,607,610,613,616,619],{"q":596,"a":597},"Can you keep a St. Bernard in the apartment?","\u003Cp>Can yes, should no. A St. Bernard is one of the largest dog breeds and accordingly needs space. If you have a large apartment and spend a lot of time with the dog outdoors, it can of course work. However, it is recommended to have a house with a garden to keep this large animal species-appropriate.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":599,"a":600},"Is the Saint Bernard a guard dog?","\u003Cp>Yes, a Saint Bernard is an ideal guard dog.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":602,"a":603},"How much does a Saint Bernard dog cost?","\u003Cp>A St. Bernard puppy costs about 1500 euros.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":605,"a":606},"Is a Saint Bernard dangerous?","\u003Cp>No, a Berhardine dog is not dangerous and is not considered a list dog.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":608,"a":609},"What is a Saint Bernard? ","\u003Cp>The Saint Bernard is a large breed of dog that was originally bred as a lap dog and later as a rescue dog. The breed is characterized by its strength, endurance and friendliness.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":611,"a":612},"How big does a Saint Bernard grow?","\u003Cp>St. Bernards usually reach a shoulder height of at least 71 cm for males and 66 cm for females, and a weight of 50-90 kg.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":614,"a":615},"How to care for the coat of a St. Bernard? ","\u003Cp>The coat of a Saint Bernard is long and dense and requires regular grooming to remain in good condition. It is important to brush the coat regularly to prevent and remove matting. It is also important to wash the coat as needed to remove dirt and odors.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":617,"a":618},"Is a Saint Bernard suitable for beginners?","\u003Cp>St. Bernards are generally friendly and gentle dogs, but they require regular exercise and exercise as well as consistent training and socialization to improve their behavior and manners. Because they are a large breed, it can be difficult for beginners to manage and train them, but with the right preparation and support, they can be great family dogs.\u003C\u002Fp>",{"q":620,"a":621},"How to train a St. Bernard?","\u003Cp>It is important to train and socialize a St. Bernard early on to avoid undesirable behavior. Positive reinforcement is an effective method for training St. Bernards, and it is important to be consistent and patient to achieve the best possible results. It is also important to keep the St. Bernard busy and challenged on a regular basis to improve his physical and mental abilities.\u003C\u002Fp>","2021-06-29 07:31:43",[557],[625,629,633,637,641],{"source_title":626,"source_link":627,"source_accessed":628},"Offizielle Seite der FCI","https:\u002F\u002Ffci.be\u002FNomenclature\u002FStandards\u002F061g02-de.pdf","2023-02-13 08:44:21",{"source_title":630,"source_link":631,"source_accessed":632},"Foundation Barry","https:\u002F\u002Ffondation-barry.ch\u002FDE\u002Fzucht\u002F","2023-02-13 08:46:02",{"source_title":634,"source_link":635,"source_accessed":636},"Schweizerischer St. Bernhards-Club","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.barryswiss.ch\u002Fde\u002Fhome","2023-02-13 08:46:01",{"source_title":638,"source_link":639,"source_accessed":640},"VDH.de","https:\u002F\u002Fwelpen.vdh.de\u002Fhunderassen\u002Frasselexikon\u002Fergebnis\u002Fbernhardiner","2023-02-13 08:45:59",{"source_title":642,"source_link":643,"source_accessed":644},"St. Bernhards-Klub e.V.","https:\u002F\u002Fbernhardiner.de\u002Findex.php\u002Fzur-rasse","2023-02-15 12:13:09","victoria.mberndl@gmail.com","2020-03-30T08:04:39+00:00","2023-03-14T21:41:13+00:00",{"breed_id":520,"related_breed_id":572},{"title":650,"description":42,"flag_icon":42,"flag_id":651,"page_id":652,"flag":653,"page":659},"Switzerland",2720,291,{"filename":654,"alt":655,"title":656,"path":657,"origin":658},"swiss-flag","Flag,Red,Cross,Symbol,","Swiss flag","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fswiss-flag.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F aldorado",{"slug":660,"title":661,"id":652,"page_type_id":243,"url":662,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":663},"swiss-dog-breeds","Swiss dog breeds","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fswiss-dog-breeds",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},"2023-04-04T16:01:25.000000Z","Tag Pages","t",{"filename":668,"alt":587,"title":578,"path":669,"origin":62},"bernhardine","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fbernhardine.png",{"slug":671,"title":672,"id":173,"page_type_id":354,"url":673,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":674},"saint-bernard-mix","St. Bernard mix","\u002Fen\u002Fm\u002Fsaint-bernard-mix",{"id":354,"created_at":675,"updated_at":675,"title":676,"slug":677},"2023-02-08T16:50:33.000000Z","Mixed Breeds","m",{"title":679,"from":680,"to":681,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":585,"page":682},"large",51,110,{"slug":683,"title":684,"id":585,"page_type_id":243,"url":685,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":686},"large-dogs","Large dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Flarge-dogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":688,"from":689,"to":584,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":572,"page":690},"average",60,{"slug":691,"title":692,"id":572,"page_type_id":243,"url":693,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":694},"dogs-with-average-energy-level","Dogs with average energy level","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fdogs-with-average-energy-level",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":696,"description":697,"short_description":42,"page_id":698,"page":699},"high-maintenance","\u003Cp>brush regularly and possibly shear, hairy\u003C\u002Fp>",71,{"slug":700,"title":701,"id":698,"page_type_id":243,"url":702,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":703},"high-maintenance-dogs","High-maintenance dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fhigh-maintenance-dogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":705,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":64,"page":706},"medium",{"slug":707,"title":708,"id":64,"page_type_id":243,"url":709,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":710},"dogs-with-medium-length-coat","Dogs with medium-length coats","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fdogs-with-medium-length-coat",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":712,"short_description":42,"description":42,"deleted_at":49,"page_id":713,"page":714},"flat coated",84,{"slug":715,"title":716,"id":713,"page_type_id":243,"url":717,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":718},"dogs-with-smooth-coat","Dogs with smooth coats","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fdogs-with-smooth-coat",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":720,"short_description":42,"description":42,"deleted_at":49,"page_id":721,"page":722},"fanned out",98,{"slug":723,"title":724,"id":721,"page_type_id":243,"url":725,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":726},"dogs-with-fanned-tail","Dogs with fanned tail","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fdogs-with-fanned-tail",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},[728],{"title":729,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":584,"page":730},"strong",{"slug":731,"title":732,"id":584,"page_type_id":243,"url":733,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":734},"dogs-with-strong-physique","Dogs with a strong build","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fdogs-with-strong-physique",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},[736,744,752,760,768],{"title":737,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":738,"page":739},"friendly",104,{"slug":740,"title":741,"id":738,"page_type_id":243,"url":742,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":743},"friendly-dogs","Friendly dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Ffriendly-dogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":745,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":746,"page":747},"meek",112,{"slug":748,"title":749,"id":746,"page_type_id":243,"url":750,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":751},"gentle-dogs","Gentle dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fgentle-dogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":753,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":754,"page":755},"vigilant",115,{"slug":756,"title":757,"id":754,"page_type_id":243,"url":758,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":759},"watchful-dogs","Vigilant dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fwatchful-dogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":761,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":762,"page":763},"quietly",117,{"slug":764,"title":765,"id":762,"page_type_id":243,"url":766,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":767},"quiet-dogs","Calm dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fquiet-dogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},{"title":769,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":770,"page":771},"alive",136,{"slug":772,"title":773,"id":770,"page_type_id":243,"url":774,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":775},"living-dogs","Live dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fliving-dogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},[777,781,785],{"title":778,"slug":779,"short_description":780,"page_id":49,"page":49},"Epilepsy","epilepsie","Definition: Dog has epilepsy if, for example, at least two epileptic seizures occur more than 24 hours apart.",{"title":782,"slug":783,"short_description":784,"page_id":49,"page":49},"Cancer","krebs","May be common in older dogs.",{"title":786,"slug":787,"short_description":788,"page_id":49,"page":49},"Skeletal disorders","skeletterkrankungen","IPA, FPC and OCD occur in dogs at four to five months of age during the most severe growth spurt.",[],[791],{"title":792,"description":42,"short_description":42,"page_id":793,"page":794},"Watchdog",221,{"slug":795,"title":796,"id":793,"page_type_id":243,"url":797,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"page_type":798},"watchdogs","Guard dogs","\u002Fen\u002Ft\u002Fwatchdogs",{"id":243,"created_at":664,"updated_at":664,"title":665,"slug":666},[800,820,842,862],{"id":801,"title":802,"banner_id":49,"slug":803,"hybrid":6,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":804,"banner":49,"related_breeds":805},1468,"Irish Saint Terrier","saint-bernard-irish-terrier-mix",{"related_breed_id":572,"breed_id":801},[806,809],{"id":572,"banner_id":582,"title":578,"page_id":173,"slug":574,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":807,"banner":808},{"breed_id":801,"related_breed_id":572},{"filename":668,"alt":587,"title":578,"path":669,"origin":62},{"id":577,"banner_id":810,"title":811,"page_id":49,"slug":812,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":813,"banner":814},3116,"Irish Terrier","irish-terrier",{"breed_id":801,"related_breed_id":577},{"filename":815,"alt":816,"title":817,"path":818,"origin":819},"irish-terrier-profile-picture","Irish Terrier breed description","Irish Terrier Profile Picture","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Firish-terrier-profile-picture.png","Shutterstock \u002F Lipowski Milan",{"id":821,"title":822,"banner_id":49,"slug":823,"hybrid":6,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":824,"banner":49,"related_breeds":825},728,"Swissy Saint","saint-bernard-great-swiss-mountain-dog-mix",{"related_breed_id":572,"breed_id":821},[826,829],{"id":572,"banner_id":582,"title":578,"page_id":173,"slug":574,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":827,"banner":828},{"breed_id":821,"related_breed_id":572},{"filename":668,"alt":587,"title":578,"path":669,"origin":62},{"id":830,"banner_id":831,"title":832,"page_id":833,"slug":834,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":835,"banner":836},270,3896,"Swiss mountain dog",269,"swiss-sennenhund",{"breed_id":821,"related_breed_id":830},{"filename":837,"alt":838,"title":839,"path":840,"origin":841},"swiss-mountain-dog-breed-description","Large Swiss Mountain Dog, farm dog, family dog, large dog breed with triangular ears, dog with three colors, dog similar to Doberman but not a list dog, largest dog in the world, heavy dog breed, dog breed over 50 kg, mountain dog, dog breed from Switzerland","Swiss Mountain Dog Breed Description","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fswiss-mountain-dog-breed-description.png","Shutterstock \u002F Aneta Jungerova",{"id":843,"title":844,"banner_id":49,"slug":845,"hybrid":6,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":846,"banner":49,"related_breeds":847},686,"Saint Bermastiff","saint-bernard-bullmastiff-mix",{"related_breed_id":572,"breed_id":843},[848,851],{"id":572,"banner_id":582,"title":578,"page_id":173,"slug":574,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":849,"banner":850},{"breed_id":843,"related_breed_id":572},{"filename":668,"alt":587,"title":578,"path":669,"origin":62},{"id":698,"banner_id":852,"title":853,"page_id":854,"slug":855,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":856,"banner":857},3131,"Bullmastiff",46,"bullmastiff",{"breed_id":843,"related_breed_id":698},{"filename":858,"alt":859,"title":860,"path":861,"origin":841},"bullmastiff-profile-picture","Bullmastiff, English Mastiff Dog","Bullmastiff profile picture","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fbullmastiff-profile-picture.png",{"id":863,"title":864,"banner_id":49,"slug":865,"hybrid":6,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":866,"banner":49,"related_breeds":867},1151,"Border collie Bernard","saint-bernard-border-collie-mix",{"related_breed_id":572,"breed_id":863},[868,871],{"id":572,"banner_id":582,"title":578,"page_id":173,"slug":574,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":869,"banner":870},{"breed_id":863,"related_breed_id":572},{"filename":668,"alt":587,"title":578,"path":669,"origin":62},{"id":207,"banner_id":208,"title":209,"page_id":872,"slug":210,"schema_published":42,"schema_updated":42,"pivot":873,"banner":874},36,{"breed_id":863,"related_breed_id":207},{"filename":213,"alt":214,"title":215,"path":216,"origin":217},{"id":219,"description":876,"slug":222,"alternate_names":877,"m_weight_from":527,"m_weight_to":207,"w_weight_from":878,"w_weight_to":305,"title":221,"life_expectancy_from":417,"life_expectancy_to":332,"size_id":434,"activity_level_id":354,"care_requirement_id":354,"ear_shape_id":581,"fur_length_id":354,"origin_id":872,"fci_section_id":879,"banner_id":220,"hybrid":104,"popular":6,"m_size_from":880,"m_size_to":881,"w_size_from":680,"w_size_to":880,"banner_title":227,"banner_alt":226,"akc_id":6,"kc_id":6,"modules":882,"fur_property_id":579,"tail_id":588,"character_text":885,"look_text":886,"origin_text":887,"heading":888,"likes":889,"faqs":890,"video":42,"relevance":49,"hybrid_title":49,"published_at":903,"translator_ready":904,"sources":905,"is_edited":6,"edited_user":645,"page_id":924,"schema_published":925,"schema_updated":926,"pivot":927,"origin":928,"banner":942,"page":943,"size":948,"activity_level":951,"care_requirement":954,"ear_shape":957,"fur_length":965,"fur_property":968,"tail":976,"anatomies":979,"characters":983,"diseases":1019,"people":1037,"usages":1074,"child_breeds":1095},"\u003Ch2>What is the origin of Golden Retriever?\u003C\u002Fh2>\r\n\r\n\u003Cp>There are various myths and legends about the origin of the Golden Retriever. However, it is certain that breeding started in 1864. At that point in time, the yellow Wavy-Coated Retriever, which until then had lived with a shoemaker in Brighton, changed its owner. He stood out with his light fur coat among the otherwise black dogs of his litter. Sir Dudley Marjorbanks took the male back to his home in the north of Scotland to his estate Guisachan and crossed him with female dogs from said area. The aim was to breed a dog suitable for hunting ducks and other wild birds. The Tweed-Water-Spaniel bitch Bell fulfilled these requirements: Like other representatives of her breed, she was not only an excellent swimmer, but also distinguished herself by her retrieving abilities. Within the next two decades, Majoribanks bred other Wavy-Coated Retrievers with Tweed-Water Spaniels, a sand-coloured Bloodhound and Irish Setters. This is how the Golden Retriever as it is known today was born. In 1913 the breed was recognised by the British Kennel Club and quickly won adherents in its home country followed by the USA. As they were often seen in movies in the 1980s and 1990s, they became the most popular family dogs in many European countries.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3>What are the breed characteristics of the Golden Retriever?\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cp>The Golden Retriever is easy to handle and is considered to be adaptable. In general, it is considered to be of a peaceful and balanced nature. The precondition is to give the animal sufficient exercise and satisfy its great urge to move. This submissive dog remains playful until old age if in good health. Typical for the breed is also a certain greediness: You better make sure not to leave any food lying around unobserved.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n","Goldie, Golden Retriever  ",25,22,56,61,[883],{"_group":884},"one_column_module","\u003Ch3>What are typical character traits of the Golden Retriever?\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cp>Why Golden Retrievers have become the most popular dogs is obvious: They are considered to be extremely good-natured and like to accompany their owners anywhere they go. It is safe to say that they have a desire to please their owners and are therefore easy to train. They are not only friendly to humans, but can also be kept with other pets and dogs. Aggressiveness and harshness are foreign features to this four-legged friend. Therefore it is not suitable as a protection dog. Breed experts even go as far as to say that they would rather show burglars the valuables in the house than to chase them away. The breed is also known for its intelligence. They are suitable for many dog sports and activities like\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n\r\n\u003Col>\r\n\t\u003Cli>dummy training,\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>retrieval games,\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>agility or\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>obedience training.\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>Among hunters, they are popular as specialists for retrieving prey on water and land and for tracking game.\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>In addition, the breed is suitable as a working dog and is considered to be one of the most reliable companions when searching for avalanche victims or working in mountain rescue or as a guide dog.\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\u003C\u002Fol>\r\n","\u003Ch3>\u003Cspan style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0);\">Appearance and coat of the Golden Retriever\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cp>The breed is characterised by its medium-length, dense coat. This is either smooth or wavy. On their backs it lies close to the body, the tail, chest and belly as well as the backs of the front paws are feathered. A dense undercoat protects the breed from harsh weather conditions. As the Golden Retriever sheds hair all year round, regular grooming is required. Especially during the change of coat in spring and autumn it is best to brush them daily. This not only keeps their fur silky sheen, but also strengthens the bond with your animal. The breed is available in different shades of beige and yellow. Their build is well-proportioned and muscular. With their dark eyes the Golden Retriever gives you a faithful look. Also typical are the relatively broad head and the floppy ears.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3>What is the average size of a Golden Retriever?\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cul>\r\n\t\u003Cli>males: 56 to 61 cm\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>females: 51 to 56 cm\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\u003C\u002Ful>\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3>How much does a golden retriever weigh?\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cul type=\"disc\">\r\n\t\u003Cli>males: 30 to 34 kg\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>females: 25 to 32 kg\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\u003C\u002Ful>\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3>What is the average lifespan of a Golden Retriever?\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cp>If you want to buy a young Goldie, it will stay by your side for a long time. Golden Retrievers reach an age of 10 to 12 years on average. \u003C\u002Fp>\r\n","\u003Ch3>What are typical Golden Retriever diseases?\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cul type=\"disc\">\r\n\t\u003Cli>Elbow dysplasia\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>Hip dysplasia\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>Epilepsy\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>Hereditary cataract\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\t\u003Cli>progressive retinal atrophy\u003C\u002Fli>\r\n\u003C\u002Ful>\r\n\r\n\u003Cp>Due to the hype around the Golden Retriever over many decades, health problems have developed. Dubious breeders used parent animals without paying attention to possible genetic defects. This resulted in breed typical diseases, the most commonly known being hip joint dysplasia, a maldevelopment of the hip joint. They are also at a higher risk for eye problems: These include hereditary cataract, a clouding of the lens that occurs at a young age. Progressive retinal atrophy is a pathological, progressive regression of the retina.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n\r\n\u003Ch3>What should be considered in regards to the breeding of Golden Retrievers?\u003C\u002Fh3>\r\n\r\n\u003Cp>If you want to buy a Golden Retriever puppy, take a close look at your breeder of choice. In serious Golden Retriever breeding, proof of the health status of the ancestors should be provided. After all, the breed has a tendency to develop HD, a hereditary deformation of the hip joint. With a good breeder, the parent animals are tested for this defect. If you decide on a completely healthy puppy, you will for sure have long-lasting pleasure with this lively four-legged friend. A Golden Retriever puppy costs 1100 to 1800 Euro.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n","Golden Retriever - Breed description: Character & Co",41,[891,894,897,900],{"q":892,"a":893},"Who is the Golden Retriever suitable for?","\u003Cp>A Golden Retriever is considered a family dog and a working dog.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n",{"q":895,"a":896},"How much does a Golden Retriever puppy cost?","\u003Cp>It costs about 2500 Euro.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n",{"q":898,"a":899},"How much time does a Golden Retriever need per day?","\u003Cp>A Goldie needs average to high exercise per day. Above all, you should make sure that, in addition to 2-3 hours of walking a day, there is also mental exercise.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n",{"q":901,"a":902},"What do I have to consider with a Golden Retriever?","\u003Cp>Above all, make sure that you have been sold a purebred Golden Retriever and not a \u003Ca href=\"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fde\u002Fhunderassen\u002Fhovawart\">Hovawart\u003C\u002Fa>. These look very similar as puppies but are completely different in temperament.\u003C\u002Fp>\r\n","2021-06-16 16:27:41",[],[906,908,910,914,917,920],{"source_title":907,"source_link":42,"source_accessed":49},"Horst Hegewald-Kawich (2015). Hunderassen von A bis Z: Über 200 beliebte Rassen aus aller Welt. Gräfe und Unzer Verlag.",{"source_title":909,"source_link":42,"source_accessed":49},"Gabriele Lehari (2004). Ulmers Großes Lexikon der Hunderassen. 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Purebred dog.","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002F417408338.jpg","Depositphotos \u002F SergeyTikhomirov",{"id":1270,"title":1271,"slug":1272,"created_at":1273,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":1274,"category_id":434,"reading_time":49,"short_description":1275,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":1276,"schema_updated":358,"url":1277,"category":1278,"banner":1279},572,"Can I give Buscopan to my dog?","buscopan-for-dogs","2023-08-08T10:54:11.000000Z",7474,"A comprehensive guide to the use, effects & dosage of Buscopan.","2023-08-08T10:54:11+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fbuscopan-for-dogs",{"id":434,"title":439,"short_description":440,"slug":441,"heading":442,"hide_category":104},{"filename":1280,"alt":1281,"title":1281,"path":1282,"origin":1283},"623341552","Viersen, Germany - Juin 9. 2022: Close-up of the Buscopan package, a drug for cramping abdominal pain.","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002F623341552.jpg","Depositphotos \u002F mobilinchen",{"id":1285,"title":1286,"slug":1287,"created_at":1288,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":1289,"category_id":354,"reading_time":243,"short_description":1290,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":1291,"schema_updated":358,"url":1292,"category":1293,"banner":1294},79,"Dog beach at the German North Sea","dog-beach-north-sea","2020-08-23T12:53:50.000000Z",3357,"Here you can find all tips for the dog beach North Sea in Germany and more.","2020-08-23T12:53:50+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002Fdog-beach-north-sea",{"id":354,"title":361,"short_description":362,"slug":363,"heading":364,"hide_category":104},{"filename":1295,"alt":1296,"title":1297,"path":1298,"origin":1299},"dog-on-beach-labradormix","Labrador mix on the beach","Dog on the beach Labradormix","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fdog-on-beach-labradormix.jpg","Shutterstock \u002F Zivica Kerkez",{"id":1301,"title":1302,"slug":1303,"created_at":1304,"published_at":351,"updated_at":352,"banner_id":1305,"category_id":455,"reading_time":49,"short_description":1306,"is_review":104,"created":356,"schema_published":1307,"schema_updated":358,"url":1308,"category":1309,"banner":1310},562,"11 Husky mongrels to fall in love with","11-husky-mongrels-to-fall-in-love-with","2023-08-03T11:21:33.000000Z",6295,"11 mixed breeds with a husky are just sugary sweet.","2023-08-03T11:21:33+00:00","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.dogbible.com\u002Fen\u002Fmagazine\u002F11-husky-mongrels-to-fall-in-love-with",{"id":455,"title":492,"short_description":493,"slug":494,"heading":495,"hide_category":104},{"filename":1311,"alt":1312,"title":1313,"path":1314,"origin":1315},"swiss-shepherd-husky-c-anita-maisel-5","Pflanze,Hund,Halsband,Fleischfresser,Kitz,Hundezubehör,Begleithund,Hunderasse,Gras,Terrier,","Swiss Shepherd Husky © Anita Maisel","\u002Fi\u002Fen\u002Fswiss-shepherd-husky-c-anita-maisel-5.jpg","Anita Maisel",[],1792055005289]